Road traffic pollution as serious as passive smoke in the development of childhood asthma

New research conducted in 10 European cities has estimated that 14% of chronic childhood asthma is due to exposure to traffic pollution near busy roads.

The results are comparable to the burden associated with passive smoking: the World Health Organization estimates that between 4% and 18% of asthma cases in children are linked to passive smoking.

The findings, published online today (22 March 2013) ahead of print in the European Respiratory Journal, come as the European Commission has declared 2013 the ‘Year of Air’, which highlights the importance of clean air for all and focuses on actions to improve air quality across the EU.

Until now, traffic pollution was assumed to only trigger asthma symptoms and burden estimations did not account for chronic asthma caused by the specific range of toxicants that are found near heavily used roads along which many Europeans live.

continue reading Road traffic pollution as serious as passive smoke in the development of childhood asthma.

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FAQ: What filter do I need?

What filter do I need?

You will need to determine what type of environment you will be using the mask in, a city environment or a countryside environment. Typically, if you are commuting every day with heavy or slow moving traffic, you should use the City™ filter. Although chemical pollutants can be found in the countryside; crop spays, fertilisers etc., particulates are more likely to pose a potential problem, thus a Sportsta™ filter is likely to be the better option.

For more FAQ,  see Respro® Mask FAQ

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Air pollution on the rise in Kolkata

Air pollution is on the rise in the Indian city of Kolkata.

Rapid modernisation and an unchecked number of vehicles are making Kolkata one of the most polluted cities in India.

India’s eastern city of Kolkata is a busy metropolis with a population of four million.

In downtown Kolkata, the air quality is very poor – the smog causes eyes to water and triggers respiratory illnesses.

The 1.2 million vehicles that ply the roads contribute the most to the city’s air pollution.

Residents like Mira Karmakar have no choice but to live with the worsening air quality.

Ms Karmakar said: “My whole respiratory system feels a burning sensation. When I breathe, the smoke in the air goes inside through my nose, chokes me and enters my lungs and I feel a strong burning sensation in my lungs. Vehicles emit black smoke and run past.”

Commercial vehicles older than 15 years have been banned since 2008, yet they somehow manage to find their way onto the roads.

There is also a mandatory Pollution-Under-Control certification required for all vehicles, but only 24 per cent of them have undergone the test and secured the certificate.

‘No clean chit if no green chit’ is what the rule says, but most vehicle owners just ignore the law.

To make things worse, the pollution parameters in Kolkata are 20 per cent to 50 per cent higher than safe limits in many parts of the country.

via Air pollution on the rise in Kolkata – Channel NewsAsia.

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UK air pollution: why are we only now waking up to this public health crisis?

When Justin Bieber collapsed last week at the O2 arena in London and was taken to a private clinic feeling “short of breath” and needing oxygen, the rumours started flying that he had had an asthma attack. They were denied by his management, but it would have been understandable if he had. Most of last week, London’s air was heavily polluted, with many of the capital’s pollution monitors recording “high” nitrogen dioxide (NO2) levels as an acute photochemical smog of fumes and microscopic particles (PM) of acids, chemicals, metals and dust drifted in from the continent, mixed with London diesel exhaust and then became trapped in the still, dry air.

Only a mile or so from the O2, Rosalind Dalton had also been feeling short of breath and needed her Symbicort 200 steroid inhaler. She, too, is a singer, who has been in operatic societies since she was 15, but she says she can’t hold the long phrases these days. She lives near the Woolwich flyover, where a grey, 3ft-high air pollution monitoring box on a slip road to a busy road regularly shows pollution regularly well over the legal limit. Recently she was diagnosed with a long-term lung condition, even though neither she nor her family have ever smoked. “The air pollution has been bad in the last few weeks. On one occasion I set off to walk to Sainsbury’s and turned back because I was having symptoms,” she says.

Meanwhile, Malachi Chadwick found himself wheezing just months after he moved in 2009 from York to London to work with climate change group 10:10. He bikes around 40 miles a week in the city and his doctor has diagnosed asthma – almost certainly aggravated by air pollution. “The air quality of the two cities is noticeably different. When you bike you get [air pollution] full in the face,” she said.

The last few weeks have been stressful for many of the 5.4 million people, including 1.1 million children, who are receiving treatment for asthma and for the tens of thousands of others with respiratory diseases. Since Christmas, there have been four major air pollution episodes, stretching from London to Nottingham, Birmingham, Leeds, Dundee and Glasgow. A pollution monitor in Downpatrick in Northern Ireland registered 10, the highest possible level of NO2. On 3 March, the department of the environment advised people to reduce or avoid strenuous activity and Matthew Pencharz, the mayor of London’s environment adviser, said it would be “sensible” for children to be kept away from playgrounds during smog episodes.

continue reading UK air pollution: why are we only now waking up to this public health crisis? | Environment | The Guardian.

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Air pollution: breaches of legal limits continued through 2010 and 2011

Annual mean concentrations of PM10 in EuropeAir pollutant emissions were above legal limits in eight Member States in 2011, preliminary data shows. In 2010, 12 Member States exceeded these limits, according to final official data reported under the European Union’s National Emission Ceilings (NEC) Directive.

Several air pollutants are still harming health and the environment in Europe. The most serious air pollutants are particulate matter, ozone and nitrogen dioxide, a fact which is also reflected in the new version of AirBase launched today by the European Environment Agency (EEA). AirBase provides publicly-available air quality information for Europe.

“Although the new data shows some clear improvement between 2010 and 2011, Europe still needs to work hard to reduce air pollution,” EEA Executive Director Jacqueline McGlade said. “Emissions from transport are still a major problem, particularly in some cities.”

The NEC Directive covers four main air pollutants: sulphur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) and ammonia (NH3). These pollutants can cause respiratory problems, contribute to the acidification of soil and surface water, and damage vegetation.

An early analysis of the official ‘final’ 2010 data confirms twelve Member States exceeded their respective NOx ceilings. According to preliminary data, seven of these Member States continued to breach these NOx ceilings in 2011, in some instances by significant amounts. The status for 30 European countries is shown on the chart below. The data can be explored in depth in the National Emission Ceilings (NEC) interactive chart. Germany was the only Member State to have exceeded three of four emission ceilings under the directive in both 2010 and 2011.

continue reading Air pollution: breaches of legal limits continued through 2010 and 2011 — European Environment Agency (EEA).

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FAQ: Are children’s masks availiable?

RESPRO ALLERGY CHILD MASK Our concern in providing masks for children is that the size variation in children is so wide, that a ‘childs’ mask will not fit the range of sizes that children come in.

A 3-year-old will not require the same mask sizes as a 7 -to 10-year-old. We do not recommend the use of face masks for children younger than 11 years, but to seek alternative ‘common sense’ precautions ie hood on push chairs, keep away from large congested or dense traffic environments; if you cannot, then place something in front of their faces more like a guard to prevent air/wind/ polluted air from direct contact.  Children’s breathing rates are considerably lower that that of a walking adult so they should not be in too much danger. Generally common sense practice where at all possible should be considered. If a child has a particular respiratory issue then medical advice should be considered first and foremost.

The small Respro® Allergy mask is the smallest size available and useable by very small adults and older children above the age of 10 years.

Respro® mask size guide.

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Air Pollution in Hong Kong: Restoring the Fragrant Harbour

Hedley Environmental Index

Hazardous air pollution not only continues to plague much of China, but is now also stifling Hong Kong, the vibrant city whose Chinese name means “Fragrant Harbour.” Here is the view of Hong Kong that greeted me this weekend. It’s almost as if someone was playing with the air smog simulator developed by APM’s Marketplace by drawing a curtain of smog over one of the world’s most famous skylines. Only the pollution is real and it can’t be erased with a slide of the cursor.

According to the Hedley Environmental Index, which monitors and publishes real-time data about Hong Kong’s air pollution and its public health impacts, it’s been over a month since we’ve had a clear day here in which all five criteria pollutants measured at all eleven rooftop monitoring stations meet the latest World Health Organization (WHO) short-term air quality guidelines. In fact, there have only been six clear days so far this year. The index’s current air quality reading, based on WHO guidelines, indicates “Very Dangerous” levels, meaning above any WHO’s annual interim target 1 level. According to the University of Hong Kong’s School of Public Health, which developed and maintains the index, this corresponds to over HKD$109,000 in avoidable health impacts including 8 preventable deaths, 433 hospital bed days, and over 20,000 doctor visit today alone. Last year, air pollution in Hong Kong was responsible for more than 3,000 premature deaths and 7 million doctor visits in a city of 7 million.

Hong Kong’s smog is caused by a mix of local and regional emissions from industrial facilities, coal-fired power plants, dirty diesel vehicles and ships burning bunker fuel, the world’s dirtiest transportation fuel. The Hong Kong government’s 2010 air pollutant emission inventory lists marine vessels as the largest source of nitrogen oxide (NOx) and particulate matter (PM10) emissions in Hong Kong. Dirty ships are therefore a major reason why particulate emissions in Hong Kong are double those of London and more than 150 percent higher than in New York. According to the Chief Executive’s 2013 Policy Address, marine vessels were also the largest source of SO2 in 2011, although specific numbers are not yet available.

continue reading Air Pollution in Hong Kong: Restoring the Fragrant Harbour | Barbara Finamore’s Blog | Switchboard, from NRDC.

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Thai forest fires

Thai Forest FireNorthern Thailand and bordering Myanmar/ Burma are still affected by high air pollution levels caused by forest fires.

For current Thai forest fire and pollution details in map view, visit thaiforestfire.com

For the latest air pollution levels from around Thailand, see PCD: Pollution Control Department.

To view local air quality levels where you are, please see local air quality levels.

 

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